Electron microscopy (EM) allows scientists to observe structures that are far too small to be seen with even the most powerful light microscopes. By using a beam of electrons instead of visible light, EM can reveal details at the nanometre and even atomic scale, providing unique insights into the building blocks of life and materials.
On this page, we explain the principles of electron microscopy in an accessible way, including the different types of EM, how cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) works, and why these techniques have transformed research in biology, medicine, and materials science. You'll also discover how EM contributes to breakthroughs in understanding viruses, proteins, cells, and new materials, and why it has become an indispensable tool for researchers worldwide.
Whether you are a journalist, student, policymaker, or simply curious about the invisible world around us, this page offers reliable background information, clear explanations, and useful resources to help you understand the science behind electron microscopy and its impact on society.
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